What is a deacon?

I wrote this article for the local Knights of Columbus Council.

What is a Deacon?

Long before there were priests, there were deacons. In the Acts of the Apostles chapter 6, it is written,   “At that time, as the number of disciples continued to grow, the Hellenists complained against the Hebrews because their widows were being neglected in the daily distribution. So the Twelve called together the community of the disciples and said, “It is not right for us to neglect the word of God to serve at table. Brothers, select from among you seven reputable men, filled with the Spirit and wisdom, whom we shall appoint to this task, whereas we shall devote ourselves to prayer and to the ministry of the word.” The Apostles chose seven men of good character, and ordained these men as deacons, to minister to the needs of the poor and vulnerable.

The Order of Presbyters, or priests, came later in Church history. As the Church evolved, the role of the presbyter increased and the role of the permanent deacon decreased and the order of the Permanent Deacon evolved into what is now called the transitional deacon (someone on the way to becoming a priest).

The Order of the Permanent Deacon was reborn in the Nazi concentration camp of Aushwitz. The imprisoned priests, like the early apostles, were overwhelmed by the needs of all in the camp and could not begin to minister to their desperate campmates. This was remembered at Vatican II and the Order of the Permanent Deacon was reinstated in the Latin Catholic Church.

Holy Orders consists of 3 levels of orders to which men are ordained: the first order is the diaconate, the second order is the presbyterate, and the third order is the episcopate. A priest is first ordained deacon prior to being ordained a priest. A bishop, is first ordained a deacon, then ordained a priest, before being ordained a bishop. When a man is ordained to the Permanent Diaconate, he chooses to remain a deacon for life. A deacon can be married as long as he is married prior to ordination. A priest (with a few exceptions) and a bishop must remain celibate. TRIVIA: a deacon can receive all 7 sacraments, while a priest or bishop can only receive 6 sacraments.

The best way to describe a deacon is “Christ as Servant.” While people usually see the deacon only in his liturgical role at Mass, the real work of the deacon is behind the scenes. You will find deacons ministering in hospitals, nursing homes, on the streets with the homeless, doing sacramental preparation in the parish, Habitat for Humanity, to name just a few ministries. Most deacons work other jobs along with their ministry in the Church.

What sacraments can deacons do? The deacon is given the faculty to proclaim the Gospel and preach at Mass. The deacon is an ordinary minister of baptism and holy communion. The deacon presides at marriages. The deacon presides at wakes, funerals and burials. The deacon ministers to the sick and the dying, however, the faculty to anoint the sick is limited to priests and bishops. Not unlike many bartenders, the deacon hears lots of confessions, but cannot absolve someone of their sins. In the absence of a pastor, the bishop can give permission to a deacon to administer a parish. The deacon is given the faculty to bless people and sacred objects.

At this point in history, there are not enough newly ordained priests to take the place of those priests who are dying or are retiring because of age and illness. There is an increasing need for more and more permanent deacons to assist the overwhelming work load many priests are experiencing these days.

Loving Us Into Eternity – a reflection on the 19th Sunday in Ordinary Time

Have you ever heard the saying, “I love you to death?” This simple phrase when spoken to another evokes in the one who receives it that he or she is loved so much, he or she will be loved into eternity. Nothing, not even death itself, will ever break the bond of love that exists between the couple.

We hear Jesus say the same words in today’s Gospel. “I am the living bread that came down from heaven; whoever eats this bread will live forever; and the bread that I will give is my flesh for the life of the world.” The love of Jesus for us is so great that he is willing to give us his Body and his Blood so that we may have eternal life.

In Sacred Ritual, we see this most strikingly in the Rite of Viaticum. The Rite of Viaticum is truly the “last rite” of the Catholic Church, not that which many remember as “Extreme Unction.” (The Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick or Extreme Unction has been returned to its original intent, which is to anoint people at the beginning of/or during an illness so that they can become well. It is not meant to be given to people who are close to death.) The ancient Last Rite, Viaticum, is Holy Communion given to a person who is dying. Viaticum  means “Food for the Journey.” When a dying person receives Viaticum, he or she is given the Sacred food that will strengthen them and accompany them into eternal life.

In Holy Communion, Jesus loves us so much that he wants us all to have eternal life. While we are young and our life abounds, in receiving Holy Communion, Jesus strengthens us so that we can devote our lives in loving others as he has loved us. As we grow older and life becomes more difficult, in receiving Holy Communion, Jesus assures us that his love and support for us is constant. As we get close to death, in Viaticum, Jesus becomes present to us as he takes us by the hand and leads us into eternal life.

When we receive Holy Communion, Jesus says more to us than “I love you to death.” Rather, Jesus says to us, “I love you for all eternity.”

Turn off, tune in, drop in – a reflection on the 16th Sunday in Ordinary Time

Jesus said to the apostles, “Come away by yourselves to a deserted place and rest a while.” In the gospel for the 16th Sunday in Ordinary Time, the apostles have returned from their missionary journey. Ministry saps a lot of physical and spiritual energy from a person. Jesus tells them to rest in God. His advise applies to all of us.

Our lives are filled to the brim with activities and distractions. Some of our busyness is by obligation and some is of our own making. In the movie, “Only You,” an Italian business man observes to an American the difference approaches of Italians and Americans to work. He says to her, “ We Italians work so that we can live. You Americans live so that you can work.”  Jesus is telling us the same thing. We need to take a rest from all the stuff we cram into every minute of our waking hours. We need to set aside time everyday to rest in God.

This statement of Jesus impacts our prayer life, too. Do set aside time to pray to God?  How much of that time is spent “yammering” at God?  As ordained clergy, Fr Kevin and I are obligated to pray the Liturgy of the Hours a minimum of 3 times a day. The Liturgy of the Hours is wonderful prayer, but it is extremely wordy, albeit those words are lovely. There are times when praying the Liturgy of the Hours is more work than resting in God. To rest in God means to rest from all the words; to shut up and just listen to presence of God within us. This very ancient way of praying goes back to the prayer life of Jesus and the early Church. It is has been called many things; meditation, contemplation, and, more recently, centering prayer.

There are many books and tapes about the practice of centering prayer. It requires as little as 5 minutes a day to 20 minutes a day. It is quieting oneself, focusing on a sacred name, like “Jesus”, and resting in that sacred name. When thoughts flit into the mind, one just refocuses and continues resting on the sacred name and listening to God speak to us in the silence. Let us take to heart Jesus’ words today and come away a while to rest in God.

A migrant mother’s lullaby for her imprisoned child: Psalm Offering 2 Opus 10

“Thus says the Lord: A voice is heard in Ramah, lamentation and bitter weeping. Rachel is weeping for her children; she refuses to be comforted for her children, because they are no more. Thus says the Lord: Keep your voice from weeping, and your eyes from tears; for there is a reward for your work, says the Lord: they shall come back from the land of the enemy; there is hope for your future, says the Lord: your children shall come back to their own country.” (Jeremiah 31:15-17)

There is a very poignant scene from the Walt Disney movie “Dumbo” in which Dumbo’s mother is torn from her little baby elephant and is imprisoned in a train car. In order to comfort her distressed infant, Dumbo’s mother sings the haunting song, “Baby now don’t you cry.” As I look at the evil that donald trump has caused in separating migrant mothers and fathers from their little children, I am reminded of that heartrending scene from “Dumbo.”

In my mind’s eye I see these distraught parents languishing in a federal prison for wanting to save their children from a world of horrific violence and despair. Their crime in making the arduous and dangerous journey to the southern borders of the United States was their hope that their children would be able to live peaceful, productive lives in a new land. And so, not knowing where the evil agents of the government have taken their children, they cry out this lullaby to their frightened child somewhere, hoping in some way their song might reach the heart of their child.

I pray to Almighty God that the prophecy of Jeremiah comes true, and these poor children separated so cruelly and heartlessly by trump and his administration will be returned to the safety of their parents arms.

Like most lullaby’s, this is in 3/4 meter. As a parent gently rocks a disquieted baby, so there is a gentle rocking feeling and motion to the music. It is in 3 part form. The A or first part is in the key of F major. The B or second part is in F major’s relative minor, D minor. Then the A part returns completing the song.

Rhythmically, to give that sense of a rocking motion, the left hand plays a repeated rhythmic figure, 1&, 2, 3, 1&, 2, 3 throughout most of A and B melodies. When the A melody returns at the end, the left hand plays an arpeggiated version of the chords (1&, 2&, 3&).

(c) 2018, Robert Charles Wagner. All rights reserved.

A Lament for imprisoned migrant children in the U.S.: Psalm Offering 3 Opus 10

PSALM OFFERING 3, OPUS 10: A lament for imprisoned migrant children in the U.S.

“When you come to appear before me who asked this from your hand? Trample my courts no more; bringing offerings is futile; incense is an abomination to me. New moon and sabbath and calling of convocation— I cannot endure solemn assemblies with iniquity. Your new moons and your appointed festivals my soul hates; they have become a burden to me, I am weary of bearing them. When you stretch out your hands, I will hide my eyes from you; even though you make many prayers, I will not listen; your hands are full of blood. Wash yourselves; make yourselves clean; remove the evil of your doings from before my eyes; cease to do evil, learn to do good; seek justice, rescue the oppressed, defend the orphan, plead for the widow.” (Isaiah 1:12-17, NRSV Bible)

The feeling of distress and being disturbed is not just limited to my mother’s recent death. I have watched children ripped from their parents, babies torn from their mother’s breast by agents of our government under orders from trump, and the pain that I am experiencing by being separated from my mother because of death, pales in comparison to the anguish of these poor children.

Only a monster would cold-heartedly issue the order for such an abomination. Rage fills me whenever I see his face and hear his voice.

On the verge of praying to God for the immediate demise of this monster of a person, I chose instead to offer a prayer in song for the 3000 estimated children still languishing, still petrified at being separated from the ones they love and need the most.

There is a repeated melodic figure that is introduced at the beginning and continues throughout the music. Descending pitches, with a half note (2 beats) followed by a quarter note (1 beat) are a melodic representation of tear drops rolling down the cheeks of the children, dropping one tear at a time to the cement floor on which they lay. Think of sobbing, the kind of sobbing that racks the human body, that takes the breath away. This sobbing is the legacy of trump who trods upon the broken spirits and bodies of innocent children. My heart breaks.

This Psalm Offering is for the refugee children who have been so sinfully treated by many who call themselves Christian, but are the antithesis of Jesus Christ. May God forgive this great sin of our nation. May we wash the blood of the refugee and the innocent from our hands. May our nation regain the soul we have lost.

Bob

(c) 2018, Robert Charles Wagner. All rights reserved.

Song for my mother’s funeral.

Today as a post-communion song, I had played the piano song I composed for mom as a birthday present back in 1990. It is Psalm Offering 1 Opus 4, “Meditation on an Asian Madonna.” If you look at the picture of my children below, you will see the picture of a Chinese Mary holding a Chinese Baby Jesus. This was one of my mother’s favorite paintings and followed her from house to house. The music you hear is based on a pentatonic scale, a 5 pitch scale in contrast to the normal Do-re-mi scales we know that have 8 pitches. If you play the black keys on the piano starting with the first of 3 black keys and then play the remaining 2 black keys, you have a pentatonic scale. While not exclusive of Asian music, we often associate the pentatonic scale to Asian themes. The music you hear below is my musical interpretation of that beautiful painting.

Meg, Luke, Andy with Beth, 1984.

Psalm Offering 1 Opus 4: Meditation on an Asian Madonna. (c) 1990 Robert Charles Wagner. All rights reserved

Homily for the funeral of my mother

My mother at the age of 3 years, Pittsburgh Pa.

Today was the funeral of my mother, Regina Wagner. The time of her death on Saturday, June 30th at 1:57 am, to right now has been filled with a tremendous amount of activity and planning. It has been filled with enormous upheavals of emotion as my inner child cries because my mother has died, and the deacon in me tries to console my inner child with assurances of faith and trust in God. While I have known from the time Ruthie and I became grandparents that we were no longer “the kids”, the death of Ruthie’s mom, and the death of my dad and now my mother have really hammered that concept home. As I did at the deaths of my sister and my father, I assisted at Mass and preached at the funeral of my mother. It was my last gesture of love to the woman who had loved me into existence and cared for me all these years. What follows is the gospel I proclaimed and the homily I gave on the life of my mother.

  Mom as a freshman in college.

GOSPEL
Luke 1:46-55

A reading from the holy Gospel according to Luke

Mary said:
“My soul proclaims your greatness, my Lord;
my spirit rejoices in you, my God, my savior.
For you have looked upon your handmaid’s lowliness;
behold, from now on will all ages call me blessed.
You, the Mighty One have done great things for me,
and holy is your name.
Your mercy is from age to age
to those who fear you.
You have shown might with your arm,
dispersed the arrogant of mind and heart
You have thrown down the rulers from their thrones
but lifted up the lowly.
The hungry you have filled with good things;
the rich you have sent away empty.
You have helped Israel your servant,
remembering your mercy,
according to your promise to our ancestors,
to Abraham and to his descendants forever.”

The Gospel of the Lord.

Me, Dad, Bill, Mom and Mary Ruth

HOMILY FOR MY MOTHER’S FUNERAL
You may have noticed that the gospel I chose for my mother sounded a little different. Whenever we hear this beautiful prayer in the Gospel of Luke, Mary refers to God in the third person. I changed the tense from the word “him” to the word “you”. I did this for a good reason.

For my mother, God was not some transcendent being in a galaxy far, far away. Rather, God was always immanently close to her. Her relationship with God was so personal, so close that when she prayed it was as if she was carrying on this intimate conversation with God sitting in a chair right next to her. I could see this whenever I gave her holy communion. She would grow silent, in a way, distant from me, as she communed with the God inside her. The words from the hymn, “You Are Near”, speak volumes about my mother’s relationship with God, “Yahweh, I know you are near; standing always at my side. You guard me from the foe, and you lead me in ways everlasting.”

One might think that my mother’s intimate relationship with God provided for her a life free from all care and pain. On the contrary, her life was one filled with hardship and tragedy. Her mother and her little sister died 2 weeks apart when my mom was 12 years of age. Her dad died when she was 25 years old. My sister, Mary Ruth, died at the age of 42 years in 1997. My dad died in 2004. All her remaining brothers and sisters have died in the past 16 or so years. With all this death in her life one would think she would have shaken her fist at the heavens and cursed God. But God’s presence was so deep within my mother, that instead of cursing God, she chose to fall trustingly into that deep embrace that God holds out for all who mourn.

As mom’s stay at Mala Strana grew longer and her dementia grew, she would often talk about the activities in which she was involved as school classes. She often referred to the staff as the teachers or nuns. While perhaps unintentional, mom hit upon a very important metaphor that I think applies to all our lives. Classes are not only confined to those years when we are in school. Rather our entire life is an active class of learning how to love as God loves. Our lives are our opportunity to learn how to live fully the great Commandment that Jesus taught us, namely, to love God with all our heart, mind, and strength, and to love our neighbor as ourselves.

My mother’s life was one long, beautiful lesson on how to lovingly live out the Great Commandment. Her love and devotion to God was evident in her faithful worship of God at Mass on Sunday, and in her daily personal prayer life. Her love and worship of God was also present in the love she poured out not only for myself, and my brother Bill and my sister Mary, but for the stranger and those who were greatly in need. She saw her faith and her life as a tremendous gift of God that must be shared with others, especially those who lacked loved and felt despair and want in their lives.

She learned this from her parents. My grandfather, Oscar, whose position at the steel mill afforded him a larger salary, would use that extra money so that he could buy food to share with those who were hungry. My grandmother, Mary, would prepare the food and send him down to the mill to distribute that food to the hungry and needy. After her mother and little sister died, my mom and her older sister, Ruth, took on the work of caring for and feeding their younger brothers while my grandfather was at work. Upon graduating from Mount Mercy College, my mother initially taught home economics in the ghettos of Pittsburgh, teaching poor girls how to cook and make their own clothes.

This pattern of giving of herself in love and service to others continued throughout her professional career and when she met my dad, she found a man who was as giving as herself in love and service to others. (Though before marrying mom, dad did have to get past the test with Fr Coglin, the old Irish pastor at St Rosalia Church. After her father died, Fr Coglin took on the responsibility of screening those whom my mother dated. Not just any guy was going to marry Queenie. He had to be special.) With such great examples of servanthood in my family, is it any wonder I became a deacon of the church?
One would think that spending her remaining days in a nursing home would be a cruel downturn to a life faithfully lived. Far from the contrary, mom saw it as an opportunity to continue what she always did only in a different place. She would tell me that her mission was to help the “new kids” coming to Mala Strana adjust, to help them feel welcome and at home. That was one of the reasons she didn’t spend a whole lot of time in her room. She was always peddling around in her wheel chair seeking out those having a bad day in the hope of making them feel a little better. What one experienced at Mala Strana was the quintessential mother I have always known and loved.

I will end with one anecdote about the time when I was in third grade. At the beginning of my 3rd grade year, my teacher, Mrs. Hunnsiger, became pregnant and had to spend the majority of her pregnancy in bedrest. The long term replacement for my 3rd grade teacher was my mother. I was in a bit of a quandary in that I didn’t know whether to call her mom, or call her Mrs Wagner while in school. (I ended up calling her mom.) What I didn’t know was that for the 8 months she taught, she didn’t receive any salary at her own insistence. She was so grateful to have had a college education at a time when so few women had that opportunity, that the gift of education she received from God had to be shared freely with others. She never said anything about teaching a whole school year for free to anyone. It was only years later when it became known at a college reunion when the president of the college read a letter written by Monsignor Doherty who was pastor at St Andrew’s the year my mother substitute taught my 3rd grade class. He said, he had never seen such a living example of the faith and love that Jesus taught in the Gospels as he did in my mother. I agree.

I am so grateful that at on June 30th at 1:57 am, she heard the God she loved so much say to her,

“Fear not, for I have redeemed you;
I have called you by name: you are mine.
When you pass through the water,
I will be with you;
in the rivers you shall not drown.
When you walk through fire,
you shall not be burned;
the flames shall not consume you.
For I am the LORD, your God,
the Holy One of Israel, your savior.
Because you are precious in my eyes and glorious,
and because I love you.”

Mom with her great grandsons Owen and Ollie

“Rejoice and Be Glad”, Pope Francis’ response to trumpism

While Pope Francis’ apostolic exhortation Rejoice and Be Glad was not written to address the effect of trumpism in our nation (though trump’s enormous ego might like to think it), Pope Francis is calling us to be holy as Jesus is holy.

In light of the immigration horror that trump has instituted in our nation since his inauguration, starting first with his ban on immigrants from certain Middle East nations, his labeling of some 3rd world nations as “shithole” nations from whom no one is welcome, and his recent ordering of migrant children to be separated from their parents and placed into prison, Rejoice and Be Glad is MUST READING FOR ALL WHO CALL THEMSELVES ROMAN CATHOLICS!!!

The following is a summation of the third chapter from Rejoice and Be Glad that I wrote for the local Knights of Columbus newsletter. I urge all to read in its entirety the whole of that chapter. Lest one think that reading church documents is akin to the mind numbing exercise of reading insurance forms (It is true that some church documents are cures for insomnia), in the case of Rejoice and Be Glad, this is far from the truth.

Here is the article I composed for the Knights SEE SEE newsletter for July.

“In the 3rd chapter of Pope Francis’ apostolic exhortation, “Rejoice and Be Glad”, he uses the Beatitudes Jesus preached in the Gospel of Matthew (5:3-12) as the road map to holiness. He writes that Jesus’ words in the Beatitudes are meant to unsettle us, challenge us, and demand a change in the way we are living. To receive the most benefit from this chapter, it is best for you to read the entire chapter and reflect on it. However, here are some highlights from the chapter.

  1. Being poor of heart: that is holiness.
  2. Reacting with meekness and humility: that is holiness.
  3. Knowing how to mourn with others: that is holiness.
  4. Hungering and thirsting for righteousness: that is holiness.
  5. Seeing and acting with mercy: that is holiness.
  6. Keeping a heart free of all that tarnishes love: that is holiness.
  7. Sowing peace all around us: that is holiness.

Pope Francis states that the great criterion for holiness is found in Matthew’s Gospel, Chapter 25:31-46. This is the scene of the Last Judgment in which Jesus will ask each of us as to whether we fed the hungry, gave drink to those who were thirsty, clothed the naked, took care of the sick, visited the imprisoned, and welcome the stranger. It is upon our response to the person of Jesus present in all those most in need that our eternal  salvation is based. Pope Francis writes, “In this call to recognize him in the poor and the suffering, we see revealed the very heart of Christ, his deepest feelings and choices, which every saint seeks to imitate.” It is not only in our prayer and worship, or following a set of ethical norms in which we give glory to God.  The true test of the authenticity of our prayer and worship is seen in the way we respond to the needs of the hungry, the thirsty, the naked, the sick, the imprisoned and the immigrant. “107. Those who really wish to give glory to God by their lives, who truly long to grow in holiness, are called to be single-minded and tenacious in their practice of the works of mercy.”

Reflection on the Feast of the Birth of John the Baptist

As disciples of Jesus, we are called to be a prophetic people. We received this call at our baptism when,  anointed with holy chrism, we were anointed priest, prophet , and king.  We come from a long line of prophets: Moses, Samuel, Elijah, Elisha, Amos, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekial, Daniel, Hosea, Malachi, to name just a few.

The life of a prophet is not an easy one. There is no place for complacency in the life of a prophet. Prophets are called by God to leave their “zones of comfort and safety” and to go into places of uncertainty and distress and give witness to those who are in need of the Good News of Jesus. Prophets are called to be the conscience of peoples and nations. Prophets are called by God to challenge the unjust practices and policies of those who hold power. Prophets are called by God to be agents of change and to transform the systemic injustice of cultures and societies. As a result, prophets are often singled out by those in power as trouble makers and are often persecuted, imprisoned, and, at times, martyred. Numbered among  Biblical prophets who suffered and died are our present day prophets like Blessed Archbishop Oscar Romero, Dorothy Day, Martin Luther King Jr, and, even non-Christians like Mahatma Ghandi.

On this feast of the birth of John the Baptist, we are reminded that, like John the Baptist, we must prophesy to our present time and place, as prophets have done from of old. Our places to prophesy are not limited to only those mighty halls of government, but in our neighborhoods, our communities, and in our own homes. The graces that flow from the Mass into our lives provides us with the courage and the fortitude to bravely go forth and be heralds of Jesus Christ  not only in word, but more importantly, in action.

Psalm Offerings Opus 7 #3: A musical prayer for the victims of trump’s immigration policies

I composed this psalm offering shortly after trump abused his powers as president to prevent families fleeing the violence of the Middle East from entering our country. I resubmit it here today as a prayer for the children ripped from the arms of their mothers and fathers because of trump. I offer it up for all those abused and are being destroyed from this heartless, soulless tyrant who is currently occupying the oval office. I offer it up in hopes that the Congress controlled at this time by a spineless, immoral political party may undergo a major conversion in their lives; that their hearts of stone may be transformed into human hearts, once more and end the tyranny of the horrible person who calls himself president, but is nothing but a petty dictator.

(c) 2017 by Robert Charles Wagner. All rights reserved.